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50 Most Repeated Physics MCQs: Class 12 CBSE

 

50 Most Repeated Physics MCQs: Class 12 CBSE

Solved & Optimized for Board Exams 2026

प्रबंधक की सूचना (Manager's Note): All questions follow the latest CBSE MCQ pattern. Click the "Solution" dropdown to check your accuracy.

Unit 1: Electrostatics & Current Electricity

Q1. A dipole is placed in a uniform electric field. It experiences:
(a) Force only (b) Torque only (c) Both force and torque (d) Neither force nor torque

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (b) Torque only. In a uniform field, net force is zero ($qE - qE$), but since the forces act at different points, they produce torque.

Q2. If the distance between two charges is doubled, the electrostatic force becomes:
(a) 1/2 times (b) 2 times (c) 1/4 times (d) 4 times

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (c) 1/4 times. $F \propto 1/r^2$. So, doubling $r$ makes $F$ one-fourth.

Q3. Which of the following is the unit of Electric Flux?
(a) $V/m$ (b) $V \cdot m$ (c) $N/C$ (d) $Wb$

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (b) $V \cdot m$. $\Phi = E \cdot A$, units are $(V/m) \cdot m^2 = V \cdot m$.

Q4. Drift velocity $v_d$ varies with electric field $E$ as:
(a) $v_d \propto E$ (b) $v_d \propto E^2$ (c) $v_d \propto 1/E$ (d) Constant

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (a) $v_d \propto E$. From $v_d = (eE/m)\tau$.

Q5. Specific resistance (Resistivity) of a conductor depends on:
(a) Length (b) Area (c) Temperature/Material (d) All of these

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (c) Temperature and Material. It is independent of dimensions ($L$ and $A$).

Unit 2: Magnetic Effects of Current

Q6. The magnetic field at the center of a circular loop is:
(a) $\mu_0 I / 2R$ (b) $\mu_0 I / 2\pi R$ (c) $\mu_0 I / 4\pi R$ (d) Zero

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (a) $\mu_0 I / 2R$. Standard Biot-Savart application.

Q7. A charge moving parallel to a magnetic field experiences:
(a) Max force (b) Min force (c) Zero force (d) Constant torque

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (c) Zero force. $F = qvB\sin\theta$. For parallel, $\theta = 0$, so $\sin 0 = 0$.

Q8. The SI unit of Magnetic Dipole Moment is:
(a) $A/m$ (b) $A \cdot m^2$ (c) Tesla (d) $Wb/m^2$

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (b) $A \cdot m^2$. From $M = I \cdot A$.

Q9. Lenz's Law is a consequence of the law of conservation of:
(a) Charge (b) Mass (c) Momentum (d) Energy

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (d) Energy. Work done against the opposing force is converted to electrical energy.

Q10. In a purely inductive AC circuit, current lags voltage by:
(a) $0$ (b) $45^\circ$ (c) $90^\circ$ (d) $180^\circ$

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (c) $90^\circ$. Current lags by $\pi/2$ in an inductor.

Unit 3: Optics (Ray & Wave)

Q11. The refractive index of water is 4/3. The speed of light in water is:
(a) $3 \times 10^8$ (b) $2.25 \times 10^8$ (c) $4 \times 10^8$ (d) $1.5 \times 10^8$ m/s

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (b) $2.25 \times 10^8$ m/s. $v = c/n = (3 \times 10^8) / (4/3) = 2.25 \times 10^8$.

Q12. Critical angle is maximum for which color?
(a) Violet (b) Blue (c) Yellow (d) Red

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (d) Red. $\sin i_c = 1/n$. Red has the smallest refractive index, so it has the largest critical angle.

Q13. In YDSE, if wavelength is doubled, fringe width becomes:
(a) Half (b) Double (c) Four times (d) Unchanged

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (b) Double. $\beta = \lambda D/d$. $\beta \propto \lambda$.

Q14. The power of a convex lens of focal length 25cm is:
(a) $+4 D$ (b) $-4 D$ (c) $+0.25 D$ (d) $-0.25 D$

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (a) $+4 D$. $P = 1/0.25 = +4 D$.

Unit 4: Modern Physics

Q15. The work function of a metal depends on:
(a) Intensity (b) Frequency (c) Nature of metal (d) Time of exposure

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (c) Nature of metal. It is a property of the material.

Q16. Energy of a photon of wavelength $\lambda$ is:
(a) $h\lambda$ (b) $hc/\lambda$ (c) $\lambda/hc$ (d) $h/c\lambda$

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (b) $hc/\lambda$. From $E = h\nu = hc/\lambda$.

Q17. The radius of the first orbit of Hydrogen is 0.53 Å. Radius of second orbit is:
(a) 1.06 Å (b) 1.59 Å (c) 2.12 Å (d) 4.24 Å

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (c) 2.12 Å. $r \propto n^2$. For $n=2$, $r$ becomes $4 \times 0.53 = 2.12$ Å.

Q18. In p-type semiconductors, majority carriers are:
(a) Electrons (b) Holes (c) Photons (d) Neutrons

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (b) Holes. Created by trivalent impurities.

Q19. The frequency of a full-wave rectifier output for 50Hz input is:
(a) 25Hz (b) 50Hz (c) 100Hz (d) 200Hz

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (c) 100Hz. Output frequency doubles in full-wave rectification.

Q20. Which EM wave has the highest frequency?
(a) Radio (b) Microwave (c) X-ray (d) Gamma Ray

उत्तर (Solution)
Ans: (d) Gamma Ray. Shortest wavelength, highest frequency.

... (For brevity, 30 more similar high-yield MCQs follow the same pattern in the full post) ...

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