P-Block Elements Revision - JEE Advanced Level
The P-block elements in the periodic table consist of elements in groups 13 to 18. These elements show a wide range of properties due to the different types of elements present (metals, non-metals, and metalloids). Understanding the unique characteristics, trends, and reactions of P-block elements is crucial for JEE Advanced preparation. For a revision of the periodic table trends, check our Periodic Table Revision Series.
1. Key Properties and Trends of P-Block Elements
P-block elements exhibit varied properties based on their group and period position. Some important trends include:
| Property | Group 13 | Group 14 | Group 15 | Group 16 | Group 17 | Group 18 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metallic Character | Increases down the group | Decreases down the group | Decreases down the group | Increases down the group | Decreases down the group | Non-metallic |
| Electronegativity | Decreases down the group | Decreases down the group | Decreases down the group | Decreases down the group | Decreases down the group | Stable |
| Reactivity | Moderate | Varies | Moderate | High | Very High | Stable |
2. Important Reactions of P-Block Elements
The following table summarizes some key reactions involving P-block elements:
| Reaction Type | Example | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Oxidation Reactions | 2P + 5O2 → P4O10 | Phosphorus forms oxides in oxidation reactions. |
| Hydride Formation | 2NH3 + H2O → NH4OH | Ammonia reacts with water to form ammonium hydroxide. |
| Halide Formation | Si + 2Cl2 → SiCl4 | Silicon reacts with halogens to form tetrahalides. |
| Acid-Base Reaction | AlCl3 + 3H2O → Al(OH)3 + 3HCl | Aluminium chloride reacts with water to form aluminium hydroxide. |
3. Interactive Example: Electronegativity of P-Block Elements
Select a P-block element group to see its trend in electronegativity:
Example Quiz: Which group in the P-block shows the highest electronegativity?
4. Conclusion
Mastering the properties and reactions of P-block elements is essential for competitive exams like JEE Advanced. Interactive examples and quizzes provided in this post are designed to help you test and enhance your understanding of these complex concepts.
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